Investigation of the Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Stage Ⅱ Breast Cancer

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treatment of Stage Ⅱ breast cancer. METHODS The data from 113 patients with breast cancer of the same pathologic type in Stage Ⅱ,during the period of 1995 to 2001,were analyzed retrospectively.Among the patients,47 were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and 66 received no adjuvant therapy before surgery（control group）.After the patients of the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group had received 2 courses of chemotherapy with the CMF regimen,the surgical procedure was conducted. RESULTS Complete remission（CR）was attained in 9 of the 47 cases receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and partial remission（PR）was reached for 22 cases.The rate of breast-conserving surgery was enhanced from 22.73%to 46.81%（P〈0.05）in the neoadjuvant treatment group. There was no difference in the 5-year overall survival（OS）and disease-free survival（DFS）rate between the two groups（P〉0.05）,but the 5-year OS and DFS of the cases with clinical tumor remission was higher compared to the control group（P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can enhance the rate of breast conservation for Stage Ⅱ breast cancer and may improve the prognosis of the cases with clinical remission.     

乳腺癌骨髓微转移的检测及其临床意义

目的　检测乳腺癌骨髓微转移 ,探讨其与乳腺癌临床病理学因素的关系。方法　采用RT -PCR法 (一步法 )检测骨髓中CK19mRNA表达。结果　 10 2例乳腺癌患者骨髓CK19mR NA表达阳性率 5 6.9%。骨髓CK19mRNA表达率随乳腺癌肿块增大而增高 ;随临床分期增加而增高 ;随组织学分级增加而增高。但与腋淋巴结转移与否无关 ,亦与乳腺癌患者年龄、月经状况及病理类型无关。结论　乳腺癌骨髓微转移与某些临床病理学因素有关。癌细胞播散无固定模式 ,早期乳腺癌亦可发生远处转移。骨髓微转移应作为常规检测方法 ,以更早、更准确地预测全身转移情况 ,进行个体化治疗。     

冠心病危险因素与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性研究

目的:探讨冠心病危险因素与冠状动脉病变程度的关系.方法:选取150例冠心病患者行冠状动脉造影术及各项化验检查,冠状动脉病变程度以Gensini积分值表示,对冠心病危险因素和冠状动脉病变程度进行统计分析.结果:经多因素线性回归证实:非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为冠状动脉病变程度的独立危险因素(P=0.030),而性别、年龄、空腹血糖、糖尿病、高血压、吸烟、家族史及甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均与冠状动脉病变程度无明确相关.结论:非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇对冠状动脉病变严重程度具有重要的影响.     

健康信念模式在分娩中的应用探讨

目的探讨增强产妇健康信念对产妇分娩方式及产后康复的影响，提高产妇康复质量及产科工作质量。方法将300例产妇随机分为观察组和对照组，对观察组产妇进行分娩相关知识强化培训，增强产妇自然分娩及自我护理信念．对照组只进行一般入院宣教，比较两组剖宫产率、纯母乳喂养、产后24小时自护率等指标。结果观察组产妇剖宫产率明显低于对照组，而纯母乳喂齐、产后24小时自护率等指标均高于对照组。结论增强产妇健康信念，能帮助其自然分娩，降低剖宫产率，提高产妇康复质量。     

穿刺加三苯氧胺治疗乳腺囊肿的疗效观察(附36例)

目的：比较乳腺可扪及囊肿穿刺抽液后服用三苯氧胺和单纯穿刺抽液两种治疗方法的疗效.方法：将临床可扪及乳腺囊肿根据乳腺B超检查结果入组68例,随机分为穿刺抽液治疗组32例和穿刺抽液后服三苯氧胺治疗组36例,两组患者穿刺抽液后中位随访13个月观察疗效.结果：68例可扪及乳腺单纯囊肿,平均囊肿大小23mm,36例穿刺服三苯氧胺组复发率13.89%（5/36）,32例穿刺抽液组复发率37.50%（12/32）,两组相比较（P＜0.05）有显著性差异.乳腺囊肿病史＞1年的患者,穿刺服三苯氧胺组和穿刺组复发率分别是36.36%（4/11）和77.78%（7/9）,两组相比较（P＜0.05）差异有显著性.对单个囊肿,多发囊肿,囊肿病史＜1年患者,两种治疗方法不影响复发率（P＞0.05）.结论：临床可扪及乳腺单纯囊肿可根据B超检查筛选适合穿刺患者,穿刺抽液加服三苯氧胺治疗可减少复发,囊肿病史＞1年者复发率较高.     

Prolonged exclusive breastfeeding is associated with increased atopic dermatitis: a prospective follow-up study of unselected healthy newborns from birth to age 20 years

BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months is recommended by the World Health Organization and considered allergy preventive. However, it is not known whether prolonging exclusive breastfeeding for over 6 months provides further benefit in allergy prevention. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this prospective 20-year follow-up study was to find out whether the allergy protective effect can be enhanced by prolonging strictly exclusive breastfeeding for > or =9 months of age. A total of 200 unselected healthy newborns were enrolled in the study. Their mothers were encouraged to maintain exclusive breastfeeding for as long as possible. The number of infants on strictly exclusive breastfeeding was 167 at 2, 116 at 6, 36 at 9 and 7 at 12 months of age. Of the 200 infants, 42% had a family history of allergy. The children were re-assessed at ages 5 (n=163), 11 (n=150) and 20 years (n=164) with clinical examination, skin prick testing, and parental and personal structured interviews. RESULTS: Exclusive breastfeeding prolonged for > or =9 months was associated with atopic dermatitis (P=0.002) and symptoms of food hypersensitivity (P=0.02) at age 5 years, and with symptoms of food hypersensitivity at age 11 years (P=0.01), in children with a family history of allergy. CONCLUSION: Prolonging strictly exclusive breastfeeding for > or =9 months was not helpful in atopy prevention, instead, it was associated with increased atopic dermatitis and food hypersensitivity symptoms in childhood.     

尖牙的生理性与病理性迁徙的临床分析

目的：探讨阻生尖牙与迁徙尖牙的联系、生理性迁徙或病理性迁徙与阻生尖牙的关系及迁徙尖牙的治疗方法。方法：对历年的X线片资料进行分析并复习有关文献。结果：阻生尖牙迁徙者有12例（上颌2例、下颌10例），其中生理性迁徙5例，病理性迁徙7例。结论：部分尖牙阻生可能为迁徙发生的早期阶段，尖牙迁徙包括生理性迁徙和病理性迁徙，尖牙生理性迁徙和病理性迁徙在发病原因、临床表现和治疗方法上都明显不同。     

The value of MCA, CA 15-3, CEA and CA-125 for discrimination between metastatic breast cancer and adenocarcinoma of other primary sites

MCA, CA 15-3, CEA and CA 125 were determined in the serum of 49 patients with metastatic breast cancer and 38 patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of other primary sites. By using the 99th percentile of the normal value distribution as the cut-off point, the positive predictive value (PV+) was found to be 85% (95% CI 76-94) for MCA, and 71% (95% CI 61-81) for CA 15-3. When receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed, the PV+ for CA 15-3 was increased to 82% (95% CI 72-92), using 60 U ml-1 as the cut-off point. With the exception of two patients who had a slightly elevated MCA, MCA and CA 15-3 identified the same patients with breast cancer. By combining a positive MCA or CA 15-3 with a negative CEA and CA 125, further improvement of the PV+ could be achieved; 100% (95% CI 91-100). We conclude that MCA and CA 15-3 may play a useful role in discrimination between patients with metastatic breast cancer and those with adenocarcinoma of other primary sites.     

Aspiration biopsy cytology of mammary myoepithelioma

A case of ultrastructurally confirmed myoepithelioma of the breast studied by fine-needle aspiration biopsy is reported. Aspirated tumor cells were spindle-shaped with well-defined cytoplasm and oval nuclei showing no remarkable nuclear pleomorphism. They were seen mainly in irregular bundles with strong cellular cohesiveness. Their cytoplasm contained S-100 protein demonstrated by the peroxidase antiperoxidase staining technique.     

BcL-2、Bax、CD44V6在乳腺癌表达及预后的研究

目的探讨影响乳腺癌患者预后的因素,协助临床制定手术方式及术后治疗方案。方法选择80例各型乳腺癌患者的标本,应用免疫组化SP方法,检测乳腺癌组织中癌基因BcL-2、Bax及黏附因子CD44V6的表达情况。结果乳腺癌中BcL-2、Bax及CD44V6的表达情况与肿瘤组织学分级、瘤体直径。有无转移及患者术后存活时间均有显著性相关(P<0.05或0.01)。结论BcL-2高表达、Bax低表达、CD44V6低表达的患者组织学分级好,肿瘤体积小,淋巴结转移少,术后存活时间长,这部分患者可做肿物扩大切除而保留乳房或即使已做乳房切除,术后也可减少放疗及化疗剂量。